alone, lone, lonely的用法区别与比较

 

alone, lone, lonely在形式上相似,意义上也有相近之处,但它们的的用法是有区别的。

1. alone 用作形容词,通常只是表示客观上的一个人或没有外人,而不表示寂寞或孤独等感情色彩,并且在句中只用作表语。如:

I want to be alone. 我想一个人呆着。

I am not alone in this opinion. 不只是我一个人有这种想法。

Since her husband’s death, Mrs Kay has been very much alone. 自从丈夫去世后,凯太太就一直是孤单一人。

I’m terrified at the prospect of being alone in the house. 我要是自己呆在一所房子里就很害怕。

I realized they wanted to be alone together so I felt very awkward. 我意识到了他们想要单独在一起,所以觉得很尴尬。

He is not alone in believing that it may lead to war. 不单他一个人认为那会引起战争。

2. lone 表示“孤单的”“单独的”“无伴的”等,通常只用作定语,有时可与表示类似意义的 lonely 换用。如:

A lone rider came galloping towards them. 一个骑着马的人孤身一人向他们奔驰而来。

Lone women drivers are advised not to pick up hitchhikers. 建议独自驾车的女子不要让人搭便车。

We could hear a lone piper player playing in the distance. 我们能听到远处有一个人独自吹奏着风笛。

A lone gunman burst into his house and shot him dead. 一名独行的持枪者闯进他的屋子,开枪打死了他。

Out of the stillness, a lone bird began to sing.  一只鸟唱起了歌,打破了寂静。

The only green thing was a lone / solitary pine tree. 绿色的东西只有孤零零的一棵松树。

但是 lone 一般不表示“寂寞的”“偏僻的”等义。

3. lonely 表示“寂寞的”“孤寂的”,带有较强感情色彩,相当于 sad because one lacks friends or companions,可用来说明人,也可用来说明 life, days, years ; 可用作表语或定语。如:

When his wife died, he was very lonely. 他的妻子去世后,他感到十分孤独。

You can be alone without being lonely. 你可以独处而不感到寂寞。

For all his wealth and fame, he’s a very lonely man. 他虽然又有钱又有名,但很孤独。

若不带感情色彩,只是表示“孤单的”“没有伴侣”(without companions),则通常只用作定语。如:

She was a lonely child with few friends. 由于没什么朋友,她感是一个孤独的孩子。

Lone parents constitute a great proportion of the poor. 孤独的父母们占穷人中的大部分。

有时表示“荒凉的”“偏僻的”,用来说明地方,此时多用作定语。如:

a solitary bird on the lonely shore 在荒凉海岸上的一只孤鸟

She avoids lonely streets. She is afraid of being mugged. 她避免在没人的马路上行走。她怕遭抢劫。

The wooden hut stood on a lonely stretch of beach. 小木屋立于一片人迹罕至的海滩上。

 

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