英语中类似 It is said that...的常用句式
作者：刘文秀（湖南常宁二中）
来源：《第二课堂（高中版）》，2013年第12期
It is said that…（据说……）是英语中的常用句式，在高考试题中经常出现。如：
It is said that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education. 据说早期欧洲的纸牌是为娱乐和教育设计的。(辽宁卷)
It is said that dogs will keep you company for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. 据说当你感觉孤单时，狗会一直陪伴你，你需要它陪你多久它就陪你多久！(江西卷)
It’s said that quite a few boys in your school like playing football in their spare time, though others prefer basketball. 听说你们学校有不少男孩子喜欢在业余时间踢足球，而其他人则喜欢打篮球。(辽宁卷)
It is said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they couldn’t have done it because the ocean in between is too wide. 据说他们已从大陆游到岛上，但他们不可能做到这一点，因为其间的海面太宽了。(湖北卷)
类似it is said that…句式的特点是：均以it作形式主语，均在被动谓语后接that从句（其实为主语从句），译成汉语时通常用“据……”表示，如根据主句谓语动词的意思不同可以译成“据说”“据信”“据估计”“据报道”“据传闻”等。这类句式比较常见的有以下一些：
1. It is believed that… 据说……，据信……
It’s believed that the troops have already crossed the border. 信军队已越过边界。
It is believed that the couple have left the country. 据信那对夫妇已离开了这个国家。
2. It is claimed that… 据称……
It is claimed that current levels of pesticide do not pose a threat to health. 据称当前杀虫剂的含量不会对健康构成威胁。
It’s claimed that they produce the best athletes in the world but I think that’s impossible.据称，他们可以培养出世界上最好的运动员，但我认为那是不可能的。
3. It is estimated that… 据估计……
It is estimated that smoking causes 100,000 deaths every year. 估计每年有100,000人由于吸烟而死亡。
It is estimated that four million viewers watched the programme. 据估计有400 万观众收看了这一节目。
4. It is expected that… 据估计……，预计……，估计……
It’s expected that the war would end soon. 预计战争不久即可结束。
It is expected that the new owner will change the yacht’s name. 估计新主人会给游艇改名。
5. It is known that… 众所周知……，人们认为……
It is known that he is honest. 众所周知，他是个老实人。
It is known that her father is an expert. 人们认为她父亲是一位专家。
6. It is presumed that… 据推测……
Little is known of the youngest son; it is presumed that he died young. 对于最小的儿子所知甚少，据推测他年轻时就死了。
7. It is reported that… 据报道……
It is reported that many a new house is being built at present in the disaster area. 据报道，灾区如今正在建设许多新房。
It is reported that the police will soon look into the case of the two missing children. 据报道，警察会很快调查这两起儿童失踪案。
8. It is rumoured that… 据传……，谣传……，据说……
It’s rumoured that she’s going to resign. 据传她打算辞职。
It is rumoured that oil has been found in that area. 谣传该地区发现了石油。
9. It is thought that… 据估计……，人们认为……
In former times it was thought that ordinary metal could be turned into gold. 古时人们认为一般金属能变成黄金。
It is thought that there are more than 3,000 different languages in the world. 据估计，世界上有三千多种不同的语言。
10. It was understood that… 据悉……，众所周知……
It is understood that the old man had a heart attack. 据悉，那位老人心脏病发作。
In the library it is understood that loud talking is not permissible.众所周知，图书馆里禁止大声喧哗。
11. It is whispered that… 据说……，据传……
It is whispered that he is heavily in debt. 据说他负债累累。
it was whispered that he would soon die. 有谣言说他快要死了。
（责任编辑 陈根花）