night的含义以及介词短语

 

1.基本义为晚上”“夜间,严格说来有以下3层意思:

(1)day(白天)相对,指日落到日出之间的这段时间,可译为夜晚”“夜间。如:

We sleep during the night and work during the day. 我们夜晚睡觉,白天工作。

(2) evening 同义,指日落到就寝这段时间,可译为傍晚”“黄昏。如:

They didn’t reach home before night. 他们天黑才到家。

(3)指就寝到日出这段时间,可译为夜里。如:

I woke up during the night. 我夜间醒了。

2.表示在晚上,其前通常用介词at,但若指具体某天的晚上,其前则用on。如

He dared not go there at night. 晚上他不敢到那里去。

He arrived at Shelley Hot Springs on Sunday night. 星期天夜里他来到雪莱温泉。

3.比较at nightby night:两者均可表示夜晚有时可互换。如

Cats can see well at [by] night. 猫在晚上能看得很清楚。

但比较而言,at night多与in the day对比使用,而by night则多与by day对比使用;另外,by night有时还有“趁着黑夜”之意。如:

I prefer to travel by day rather than by night. 我宁愿白天旅行而不是在夜间旅行。

4.表示在晚上”“在夜间,有时可用in the night。如:

In the night all cats are grey. 夜里猫都呈灰色。

但该短语更多是用来表示在某个特定晚上发生了情况。如

A shot rang out in the night. 半夜响起一声枪声。

I was sick three times in the night. 我夜里呕吐了3次。

5.汉语说昨晚,说成英语是last night;但汉语说的今晚,说成英语不是this night,而是用tonight。如

She slept very little last night. 昨晚她睡得很少。

Are you on duty tonight? 你今晚值班吗?

6.复数形式的nights有时可用作副词,直接用作状语,意为夜夜”“夜里经常。如:

He works nights. 他常在夜间工作。

I lie awake nights. 我常常整夜躺在床上睡不着。

 

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