用好hope的三个关键知识点

 

1.用作及物动词,其宾语通常只能是不定式或 that从句。如:

I hope to catch an early train. 我希望赶上早班火车。

I hope that we’ll have good weather. 我希望我们会有好天气。

其后一般不直接名词或代词作宾语,遇此情况可用hope for(希望有或获得)。如:

The workers have been hoping for a rise. 工人们正盼着提高工资。

另外,其后可接不定式作宾语,但习惯上接不定式的复合结构,遇此情况可改用that从句作宾语,或用hope for sb to do sth。如:

误:We hope you to come to the party.

正:We hope that you will come to the party. 我们希望你能参加这个宴会。

2.用作及物动词后接that 从句时,还有以下几点需注意:

(1)从句谓语可用一般现在时代替将来时。如:

I hope that he gets [will get] well soon. 我希望很快就康复。

(2)后接否定的宾语从句时,其否定通常不能转移到主句上。如:

I hope you didn’t say that. 我希望你没有那样说。

(3)用于简略回答时,要用I hope not, 一般不说I don’t hope so。如:

AWill it rain tomorrow? 明天会下雨吗?

BI hope so (not). 希望如此(希望不会)。

比较:I don’t hope so. 我不希望是这样。

3.用作名词(可数或不可数),注意以下用法:

(1)表示做某事的愿望或希望,其后不接不定式,而接 of doing sth。如:

He has no hope of succeeding [success]. 他没有成功的希望。

They have great hopes of winning. 他们大有获胜的希望。

(2)有时可接以that引导的同位语,用以说明hope的具体内容。如:

There was little hope that they would survive. 他们幸存的希望很小。

(3)与动词用法相似,表示希望有或得到某物,后接介词for。如:

Our hopes for fine weather were not disappointed. 我们盼望天气好,这倒并未落空。

(4)注意以下各组表达大致同义,但结构不同:即用冠词,hope用单数,不用冠词,hope 用复数:

in the hope of doing / in hopes of doing 希望……

in the hope that/ in hopes that希望……

have the hope of doing / have hopes of doing 有希望……

have the hope that/ have hopes that有希望……

 

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