不可用be to be blamed 吗?  

——对高考试题中blame用法的再探讨  

  

本站特约作者    

   

■先请看两到高考试题对blame用法的理解  

①赵振才编著《英语常见问题解答大词典》(增订版)(世界图书西安出版公司20053月第1)p217  

【问】 I feel it is your husband who ____  for the spoiled child.  

A. is to blame          B. is going to blame   

C. is to be blamed      D. should blamed  (上海高考, 02— 24)  

答案为A。但我认为who is blame是错误的,因为who blame时被动关系(受责备),应改为who is blamed。要知道,blame时及物动词呀! She blamed him for the failure. 她因失败而责怪他。  

【答】要记住:在be to blame 结构中,主动形式的 blame 具有被动意义,……  

1. The children were not to blame for the accident. 这次事故不能怪孩子们。  

2.She was in no way to blame.她决不应当受责备。  

[2006年高考英语安徽卷英语试题—35]Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one______.  

A. blamed    B. blaming      C. to blame    D. to be blamed  

所给答案为C  

从以上可以看出:两道高考试题的命题专家及赵振才教授都认为这两道高考试题的答案都应该用be to blame,而不应该用be to be blamed。理由是在be to blame结构中,主动形式的blame具有被动意义。就算主动形式的blame具有被动意义,那么be to be blamed就是错误的或至少是不能使用吗?  

实际上,像句中的选择项C也是正确的,即I feel it is your husband who is to be blamed  for the spoiled child.也是正确的;句②中的选择项D也是正确的,即Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one to be blamed.(=... the one that was to be blamed)  

■请看有关例证  

1.杨民生主编《英语语法正误词典》(湖北教育出版社19963月第1)p125-126:多数人认为应该用主动形式的不定式表示被动意思,但也可用be to be blamed  

RHe is to blame.  

RHe is to be blamed.  

应该责备他。  

RWho is to be blamed for the fact that there are no cherries?  

没有樱桃该怪谁呢?  

2.江希和编著《当代英美语惯用法词典》(上海外语教育出版社 20012月第1)p88be to blame for sth. be to be blamed for sth.(=be at fault)都可以说。如:I am to blame for this. I am to be blamed for this.(这件事我应当受责备。)  

3. 李在铭著《现代英语惯用法词典》(现代出版社19955月第1)p55……,可以说“He is certainly to be blamed.”,但不普遍。  

4. N D Turton and J B Heaton主编的Longman Dictionary of Common Errors (Eleventh impression 2003) p53? Who is to be blamed for this? (笔者注:此句与句①中的选择项C惊人的相似!)  

5. () 市川繁治郎主编《英语搭配大辞典》(外语教学与研究出版社200610月第1)p180He is greatly [much, highly] to be blamed for this.  

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