并列连接and的奇怪并列

■山东刘永科

有朋友在本站答疑中心询问:按理说,并列连词应该连接两个相同性质的成分,但下面一句中的and不是这样,该如何理解下面一句中and的用法呢?  

You have to send in the application and without delay.   

完整问题见:  

www.lulutubu.com/guestbook/Guest_Reply.asp?TopicID=1985 

该问题由本站特约作者及专家顾问刘永科老师回答如下。  

   

这个问题不知你跟哪位老师讨论过。现在,我就你提出的这个句子作以下解答:  

You have to send in the application and without delay. 你得交上申请表格,不能拖延。  

这个and并列,一点也不奇怪,英语中应该不在少数。该现象属于承前省略了不定式的一种并列,旨在避免不必要的重复。根据表达需要,and后的部分要重读。以下五种表达,在语法和意义上都是正确的:  

You have to send in the application and without delay.   

You have to send in the application and do it without delay.   

You have to send in the application and send it in without delay.   

You have to send in the application and send in the application without delay.   

You have to send in the application without delay.   

以上所有句子都正确,但是哪个更简洁明了,一看便知。  

直接说You have to send in the application without delay. 也是不错的选择,但是,它缺少了那种“重复和强调”的意味。  

你说的It added that the three officials had resigned from their respective positions with immediate effect. 这个句子,没有必要,也不可能像You have to send in the application and without delay. 那样去重复一遍,所以在with immediate effect之前不加and  

语言是为交际服务的,句子形式要服务于内容。分析句子不要只看外在结构,一定要结合内容,然后再考量这个句子是否正确和完美,做到形式和内容的统一。离开这些去作无谓的比较,得出的结论往往是片面的。     

  

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